CSE Seminar

SPEAKER: Sadegh Dabiri, University of California, Irvine

TITLE: Effects of Cavitation on High-Pressure Atomization

DATE: Wednesday, November 12, 2008
TIME: 12:00 Noon
PLACE: 2240 DCL
1304 W. Springfield Ave., Urbana, IL

ABSTRACT

Improved knowledge of liquid jet breakup is necessary for advancing propulsion systems. Control of fuel injection processes implies better control of droplet size distribution and of spray penetration, and therefore, better control of effciency and emissions. Experiments show that occurrence of cavitation in high-pressure liquid injectors leads to a better atomization of the emerged jet. In order to study these phenomena in detail, numerical simulation of high-pressure atomizers and breakup of liquid jets is performed. Cavitation in the orifice of high-pressure fuel injectors is modeled and its contribution to disintegration of jets is studied. Specific attention is paid to the interaction between shear layers and cavitation bubbles, due to the fact that cavitation inception occurs behind the sharp corners, where strong shear is present.

This study has resulted in identication of two mechanisms that may be responsible for increase of disturbances in the flow due to the collapse of cavitation bubbles. One is by creation and impingement of re-entrant jets, and the other is by cavitation induced roll-up of the vortex sheets. These disturbances, caused by collapse of cavitation bubbles, later will trigger the instabilities in the emerged jet and cause a shorter breakup distance. Moreover, the new criterion of cavitation based on the total stress in the liquids is compared with the traditional pressure criterion.